Notiuni fundamentale despre :adancimi si distante de semanat;conditii de temperatura a solului pentru germinarea semintelor;Perioada aproximativa de la semanat – la maturitatea de recoltare, in conditii optime de crestere;conditii de temperatura pentru transplantarea in camp

Publicat la: Mai 6, 2015   Nici un comentariu

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Specia Adancimea de semanat(cm) Intre plante/rand(cm) Intre randuri(cm)
Fasole 2.5 – 5 20 – 30 90 – 120
Sfecla 1.3 – 2 5 – 12 28 – 75
Broccoli 0.6 – 1.3(T) 15 – 30 12 – 40
Varza 1.5 – 3.3 (T) 30 – 60 90 – 100
Morcov 0.6 -1.3 2.5 – 5 30 – 75
Conopida 1.5 – 3.3 (T) 30 – 60 60 – 90
Telina de radacina T 10 – 15 60 – 90
Telina de frunze T 15 – 30 45 – 100
Porumb 2.5 – 5 20 – 30 75 – 105
Castravete 2.5 – 5 20 – 30 90 – 100
Vinete 0.6 – 1.3 (T) 45 – 75 60 – 120
Usturoi 2.5 – 5 2.5 – 7.5 30 – 60
Salata, Capatana 0.6 25 – 38 30 – 60
Salata, Frunze 0.6 20 – 30 30 – 60
Ceapa 0.6 – 1.3 (T) 2.5 – 10 20 – 60
Patrunjel 0.6 10 – 30 30 – 66
Pastarnac 0.6 – 1.3 5 – 10 18 – 36
Mazare 2.5 – 5 2.5 – 7.5 60 – 120
Ardei 0.6; – 1.3 (T) 30 – 60 90 – 100
Cartofi 5 – 7.5 20 – 30 75 – 110
Dovleac 2.5 90 – 150 180 – 240
Ridichi 0.6 – 1.3 1.2 – 2.5 20 – 30
Spanac 1.3 – 2.5 5 – 10 30 – 60
Tomate 0.6 – 1.3 45 – 120 90 – 120
Nap 0.6 – 1.3 5 – 15 30 – 90
Pepeni 5 – 10 60 – 90 180 – 240

T = transplantat

Conditii de temperatura a solului pentru germinarea semintelor

 

Specia Temperatura minima (℃) Limite optime (℃) Temperatura optima (℃) Temperatura maxima (℃)
Asparagus 10 18 – 29 24 35
Fasole 15 15 – 30 26 35
Sfecla 14 10 – 30 30 35
Varza 5 6 – 35 30 38
Morcov 5 6 – 30 28 35
Conopida 5 3 – 35 26 37
Telina 5 15 – 21 21* 29*
Porumb zaharat 10 15 – 35 35 40
Castravete 15 15 – 35 35 40
Vinete 15 24 – 32 30 35
Salata 2 5 – 10 9 30
Ceapa 2 10 – 30 24 35
Patrunjel 5 10 – 30 24 32
Pastarnac 2 10 – 21 18 30
Mazare 5 5 – 24 24 30
Ardei 5 18 – 35 30 35
Dovleac 18 21 – 32 35 40
Ridichi 5 6 – 32 30 35
Spanac 2 7 – 24 21 35
Dovlecel 15 21 – 35 21 30
Tomate 10 15 – 30 30 35
Nap 5 15 – 40 35 40
Pepene 15 21 – 35 35 40

 

* Fluctuatia zilnica la 15℃ sau mai jos este esentiala

Perioada aproximativa de la semanat – la maturitatea de recoltare, in conditii optime de crestere

 

Specia Timp pana la maturitatea de recoltare (zile) Timp pana la maturitatea de recoltare (zile)
Varietati timpurii Vvarietati tardive
Asparagus – 1 year
Fasole 78 88
Sfecla 56 70
Broccoli1 55 78
Varza de Bruxelles 80 100
Varza 65 120
Morcov 50 95
Conopida1 60 100
Telina1 90 125
Porumb zaharat 64 95
Castraveti 48 72
Vinete1 60 80
Andive 85 100
Gulie 50 60
Salata, capatana 70 85
Salatta, Frunze 40 50
Pepene galben – 110
Bame 50 60
Ceapa, pastrare 90 150
Ceapa verde 45 60
Patrunjel 70 80
Pastarnac – 120
Mazare 56 75
Ardei iute1 65 80
Ardei dulce/gras/lung1 65 80
Cartof 90 120
Dovleac 100 120
Ridichi vara 22 30
Ridichi iarna 50 60
Spanac 37 75
Dovlecel 40 50
Tomate1 60 90
Pepene verde 75 95

1Transplantat

Conditii de temperatura pentru transplantarea in camp

 

Specia Ziua(F) Noaptea(F) Inaltimea(inch) Numar de frunze adevarate Timp(saptamani)
Varza 15 – 21 10 – 15 10 – 13 2 – 4 4 – 6
Conopida 15 – 21 10 – 15 10 – 13 2 – 4 4 – 6
Telina 18 – 22 15 – 18 1 – 15 4 – 6 6 – 8
Castravete 21 – 24 15 – 18 5 – 10 2 – 4 1 – 2
Vinete 21 – 27 18 – 21 15 – 20 4 – 6 6 – 8
Salata 13 – 18 10 – 13 13 – 18 2 – 4 5 – 7
Ceapa 60 – 65 55 – 60 5 – 6 4 – 6 8 – 10
Ardei 18 – 24 15 – 18 3 – 5 2 – 4 6 – 8
Tomate 18 – 24 15 – 18 10 – 15 4 – 6 5 – 7
Pepene verde 21 – 27 18 – 21 2 – 4 2 – 4 1 – 2

*Ajustati usor temperatura pentru a modifica ratele de crestere

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